Discussion and Answers

Discussion of Activity 1: Bad Websites

The following two sites on poor Web design make for interesting exploration. Their designers have adapted the old adage of learning from other people's mistakes: 'learn good Web design from bad Web design'.

Here we simply note common problems. The frame examples with bad navigation and overuse of JavaScript are clear examples of bad Web design.

Discussion of Activity 5: Using GIF Files

The following GIF images were produced by GIF Cruncher. The information given for each image are the tool's output. As you can see, you can gain dramatic space and time savings.

96 Colours; 0 dither; 3.2% (0.2 secs.)saving

64 Colours; 10 dither; 7.6% (0.6 secs.)saving

32 Colours; 20 dither; 26.3% (2.2 secs.)saving

16 Colours; 30 dither; 41.6% (3.4 secs.)saving

8 Colours; 40 dither; 51.7% (4.7 secs.)saving

8 Colours; 50 dither; 75.6% (6.3 secs.)saving

2 Colours; 60 dither; 85.7% (7.1 secs.)saving

2 Colours; 80 dither; 84.7% (7.0 secs.)saving

Discussion of Activity 6: Image Sizes

The Netscape site clearly shows how photographic images visually appear to suffer little from the quality degradation caused by 'lossy' compression.

You can experiment with JPEG files yourself using a graphics application or a website that offers the facility, such as JPEGCruncher

Answer to Review Question 1

  1. choosing the user interface for the content you might wish to provide;

  2. choosing any graphic images you might need, and the appropriate technology;

  3. devising the directory and file structures that will allow you develop and maintain a site.

Answer to Review Question 2

  • Analysing Overall Site Aims

  • website Architecture

  • Navigation Planning

  • Designing for Hyper-Reading

  • Estimating Download Times

  • Site Promotion

Answer to Review Question 3

An information architecture is a description of the structure of a site. Page architecture is a description of the structure of a page.

Answer to Review Question 4

Every page on a site should include navigation facilities that allow the user to see where they have been (history), where they are (current), and where they can go (future).

Answer to Review Question 5

Poor clarity in a website's content appears to slow readers down. This is probably because readers pause while trying to understand the content. Further, if users do not trust what they read they will question the usefulness of the site and may abandon it.

Answer to Review Question 6

A website designer cannot affect the capabilities of a user's network connection, computer system (hardware and operating system) or browser.

Answer to Review Question 7

By specifying the height and width of an image you allow a browser to continue to layout and render text while the image continues to download.

Answer to Review Question 8

By specifying the height and width of an image you allow a browser to continue to layout and render text while the image continues to download.

Answer to Review Question 9

GIF, JPEG, and PNG formats. PNG is not yet widely supported.

Answer to Review Question 10

Answer: for two dimensional images, i.e. no lighting or shading required, compression will occur cleanly and precisely.

Answer to Review Question 11

'Lossless' compression (LZW), transparency and interlacing.

Answer to Review Question 12

A palette is a table of the colours available in an image. These colours are represent by indexes into the table.